Psychiatric disorders OCD ( Obsessive Compulsive Disorder )

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Psychiatric disorders OCD ( Obsessive Compulsive Disorder )

Obsessive compulsive disorder , or more commonly known by the acronym OCD is a psychological disorder that causes a person to have obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors . The disorder is characterized by thoughts and unreasonable fears ( obsessions ) that can cause repetitive behaviors ( compulsions ) . For example, people who felt compelled to check the doors and windows more than three times before leaving the house .

The exact number of people with OCD is difficult to know because the people are generally reluctant to see a doctor. But you do not need to be ashamed and covered if you have OCD. This disorder is a long-term diseases such as high blood pressure and diabetes.

OCD symptoms that occur during each patient is different. There was a light where people spend about an hour struggling with obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors, but there are also severe with this disorder to control his life.

People with OCD also generally slumped to a pattern of thought and behavior. There are four main stages in the condition of OCD, the obsessions, anxieties, compulsions, and then temporary relief.

Obsession occurs when the mind controlled by the patient keeps a sense of fear or anxiety. Then obsessions and a sense of anxiety will provoke action compulsions in which patients will do something so that anxiety and depression are reduced. The compulsive behavior will make the patient feel relieved for a while, but the obsession and anxiety will come back and make people repeat the pattern.

Perfectionist nature is different from the symptoms of OCD. Maintain the cleanliness and tidiness of excessive does not mean you are suffering from OCD. OCD mind not just extreme anxiety about the problems in life. If the obsessions and compulsions have hindered the routine, consult a doctor or psychologist.

In OCD Risk Factors
The cause of OCD is not yet made it known for certain, but many studies have been conducted to analyze the existence of a number of trigger factors that can increase the risk of OCD. Among them:
  • Genetics. There is evidence to suggest that these disorders associated with certain genes that affect brain development.
  • Abnormalities in the brain. The results of brain mapping studies showed abnormalities in the brains of patients with OCD involving serotonin imbalance. Serotonin is a conductor used for communication between brain cells.
Step OCD Treatment and Complications
OCD treatment level depends on the extent to which the impact of OCD that you experience in your life. There are several steps in the treatment of OCD, namely:
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This therapy can help to reduce anxiety by changing your way of thinking and behavior.
  • The use of drugs to control your symptoms.
Seek medical help is the most important thing for people with OCD because they have the possibility to recover or at least to enjoy life by reducing symptoms.

If not dealt with, feelings of anxiety can worsen and make the patient more difficult to cope with OCD so depressed. The level of severe depression may even trigger the urge to commit suicide.

Symptoms of OCD ( Obsessive Compulsive Disorder )
Impact of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is different in each person. Yet, these disorders usually cause certain patterns of thought and behavior, obsession, compulsions, temporary relief, and anxiety.

Phase obsession appears when your mind is continuously controlled by fear or anxiety, such as excessive fear of contracting the disease. Then feeling depressed obsession and compulsions will provoke actions that encourage people to do certain things in order to reduce anxiety and distress such as washing hands five times. The compulsive behavior will make the patient feel relieved for a while, but the obsession and anxiety will return and make repeat the pattern.

Everyone must have thought unpleasant or negative. But most people can resume normal life because it managed to control the mind and to stem such concerns. If your mind continues to be haunted and very controlled negative thoughts, it is possible that you are having an obsession. Some kind of obsession that generally dominate OCD sufferers are:
  • Fear of being contaminated or dirty, such as touching the object that has been touched by another person or a handshake.
  • All must be regular and symmetrical, for example, arrange clothing by color gradation.
  • Fear not accidentally injure themselves or others, for example, repeatedly checks the board for fear of causing a fire.
  • The emergence of unwanted thoughts, including about aggressive behavior, sexuality, faith, and religion. For example, a sudden want to express profanity or depressed for no apparent reason as often imagined sexual matters.
People with OCD also generally perform certain repetitive actions. The goal is to reduce or prevent anxiety caused by obsessive thoughts. But this behavior is often exaggerated or not rationally related to the thing feared. Example:
  • Washing hands many times until the skin becomes dry and abrasions.
  • Repeatedly checking the door, the stove or iron.
  • Always clean up.
  • Very fond of order and always counting.
  • Never dispose of the goods even if unused.
  • Constantly kept asking to make something.
  • Repeating words or prayer silently.
OCD sufferers generally are aware that their compulsive actions do not make sense , but they can not stop it so it can be a negative impact on the lives of sufferers . Therefore , it is very important for people to seek help to overcome his condition . With proper diagnosis and treatment , OCD sufferers can generally cope with the condition and improve their quality of life .

The cause of OCD ( Obsessive Compulsive Disorder )
The exact cause of this disorder has not been found, but heredity and the influence of severe life allegedly played a major role as a trigger OCD.

If you have parents or relatives who suffer from OCD, your risk of suffering from the same disorder is also believed to be increased more than threefold. Research suggests that OCD might arise as a result of certain breeds of genes that affect brain development.

Significant incident or a sad and traumatizing, such as losing a family member or a family rift, can trigger OCD those who are more at risk of OCD, for example due to heredity. Though not cause OCD, stress can worsen the symptoms of OCD sufferer.

Outside of these two factors, there are some other things that are also expected to trigger OCD. Among them:
  • The influence of parenting and family. The attitude of parents who are too anxious and protective can increase the risk of someone suffering from OCD.
  • Abnormalities in the brain. Research also shows that there is shortage of serotonin in the brain compound OCD sufferers. Serotonin is a brain compound that helps maintain some bodily functions which include mood, anxiety, memory, and sleep patterns.
  • The impact of the infection. According to one theory, the antibodies can trigger the body's reaction to certain parts of the brain and can trigger OCD. OCD symptoms arising from an infection triggered usually begin within 7-14 days.
The diagnosis of OCD ( Obsessive Compulsive Disorder )
Many patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) who do not go to the doctor because they feel embarrassed. Though the patient does not need to cover it from family and closest friends because of the negative impact on the lives of OCD can be reduced by step diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This disorder is a long-term disease (chronic) as well as diabetes and high blood pressure.

The doctor will ask about your thoughts, feelings, symptoms, and behavioral patterns of patients first. If OCD allegedly tested positive, the next step is the examination of the severity of symptoms by a specialist. The severity of OCD can be seen from the intensity of compulsive behavior, time spent doing certain compulsive behaviors or rituals, and to what extent the disorder over the mind than action. There are three categories to classify the severity of OCD, namely:
  • Disturbed in the weight scale in which the obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors your master for more than three hours a day.
  • Disturbed medium scale where obsessive thoughts and compulsive behavior overwhelms you for 1-3 hours a day.
  • Disturbed in light scale where obsessive thoughts and compulsive behavior overwhelms you for less than one hour a day.
Advice For Families People with OCD
Because they do not want to make them sad or depressed, friends and family of people with OCD tend to follow their will. But this attitude is not appropriate because it could aggravate their obsessive compulsive behaviors. Oppose and sensitize patients of their odd behavior even more useful. We also should encourage them to seek medical help.

Treatment of OCD ( Obsessive Compulsive Disorder )
The impact of OCD on daily routine will determine the suitable treatment for you. The treatment process is carried out gradually and take time until the results are truly effective, sometimes for months duration. Therefore, people with OCD and their families are encouraged to undergo a treatment process with patience.

Treatment step that would normally be undertaken include behavioral therapy to change behavior and reduce anxiety. In addition, there are medications to control the symptoms experienced.

Barriers OCD in routine patient is often referred to as a functional disorder. If they include lightweight, these disorders can generally be treated with behavioral therapy or CBT alone. But if more severe, CBT therapy will be emphasized and antidepressants can also be included.

Children who suffer from OCD generally be treated by a doctor with a specialization handle OCD in children.

Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy (Exposure and response prevention / ERP)
CBT includes exposure therapy and response prevention (ERP) which proved to be effective in treating OCD. In this therapy, a number of situations that trigger anxiety sufferers will be detected. Patients will undergo exposure to the object or the obsession and anxiety gradually learn to cope in a healthy way.

This stage should be passed without the usual compulsive behaviors to relieve anxiety sufferers. This process may sound daunting, but it proved to be very helpful.

The level and duration of anxiety sufferers usually tend to decrease as the amount of exercise she lived. Having successfully conquered it, the patient can continue to trigger more severe anxiety.

Use of Antidepressants
Drugs may also be needed to deal with OCD if people develop OCD level of medium or severe, and if CBT is not effective enough. Some types of commonly used drugs are fluoxetine, citalopram, and clomipramine.

Fluoxetine and citalopram including medicines release selective serotonin inhibitors (SSRIs). These types of antidepressants can increase the amount of serotonin in the brain and the benefits will be felt usually after three months of use. But people with severe OCD intermediate level and need to consume at least for one year. If patients experience only a few symptoms or none at all when re-examined, the doctor will probably allow her to discontinue use.

Patients need to be vigilant because these drugs can increase the anxiety that can lead to suicidal ideation or self-harm. Immediately consult a doctor or patient to the nearest hospital if she was taking SSRIs and experiencing the negative impulses.

Patients also should not stop taking SSRI without discussing it with your doctor because it can lead to a recurrence of the symptoms of OCD. Your doctor will reduce the dose gradually until you should stop taking them.

For patients with OCD who do not match taking SSRIs, which are available clomipramine tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). But even if proven effective, these drugs are rarely recommended by doctors because of its side effects are much more.

TCA is not suitable for people who have low blood pressure, arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat), and never had a heart attack in the near future. People at risk for cardiovascular disease are also advised to avoid the use of these drugs. If necessary, users of these drugs should undergo blood pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) on a regular basis.

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