Many people who are horrified by the HIV virus because they know can be deadly. But not a few who do deeds that made him at risk of HIV Aids virus. When it attacks the person's body, the virus that can destroy the body's immune system through several steps called the HIV life cycle.
Here is information on the life cycle of the HIV virus and other explanations:
- HIV gradually destroys the body's immune system to attack and kill the CD4 cells. CD4 cells are the type of white blood cell that plays an important role to protect the body from infection
- HIV uses CD4 cells to supplies from a duplicate and spread throughout the body. In this process, including the seven steps in the HIV life cycle. HIV drugs protect the immune system by blocking HIV at different stages in the life cycle of HIV.
- Seven stages of the life cycle of the HIV virus, among others:
Binding: the first stage of the seven stages in the HIV life cycle. When HIV attacks CD4 cells, the virus then binds to the CD4 molecule on the cell surface.
Fusion: the second phase in the life cycle of HIV. After HIV binds itself to the CD4 cells, the HIV will be fused with CD4 cell membranes. Unification or consolidation makes HIV can enter CD4 cells. When it was in the CD4 cell, releasing the virus HIV RNA and HIV enzymes, such as reverse transcriptase and integrase.
Reverse transcription: a third stage in the life cycle of HIV. While in the CD4 cell, HIV issuing and use of transcription reversal to change the HIV genetic material from HIV RNA into DNA. The change would make HIV can enter the cell nucleus and combine with a CD4 cell genetic material.
Integration: the fourth stage of the seven stages in the HIV life cycle. When it is in the nucleus of cells CD4, HIV integrase which issued an HIV enzyme. HIV uses integrase to insert viral DNA into the DNA of cells.
Replication: the fifth stage of the seven stages in the HIV life cycle. When HIV is integrated into the DNA of CD4 cells, the virus will begin to use the apparatus of CD4 cells to create an HIV protein chain. Chain protein of HIV which is building more.
Assembly: the sixth stage of the HIV life cycle. During collection, the new HIV RNA and proteins made by the host CD4 cells will migrate to the surface of cells and clump together into immature HIV.
Budding: a seventh stages of the HIV life cycle. During budding, HIV who have not grown out of the host CD4 cells. When outside the CD4 cell, it will issue a new HIV protease, an enzyme HIV. Protease works to break the chain of proteins that form the virus does not infect. Smaller HIV proteins combine to form HIV infects.How does HIV cause AIDS?
HIV destroys CD4 + T cells which are white blood cells. The white blood cells itself is very important to keep the body's immune system function. When HIV attacks these cells, people infected with the virus will be unable to fight infections and diseases, especially those from developing AIDS.
Most people who are infected with HIV will carry the virus for several years before finally display symptoms serus. Over time, the levels of HIV in the blood increases while the number of CD4 + T cell decline. antiretroviral drug can help reduce the amount of virus in the body, maintaining CD4 + T cells and dramatically decrease the destruction of the body's immune system.
The relationship between HIV and AIDS
AIDS was first identified in 1981 and has since become a worldwide pandemic. The evidence indicates that AIDS is caused by HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus found in 1983. HIV is constantly destroys the body's ability to fight infections and certain cancers. Before the spread of HIV infection, AIDS-like syndrome is rare. People only know the decrease in the body's immune system as the cause of chemotherapy or certain cancers. An unusual infection that causes a decrease in immunity system was first identified in homosexual men were initially healthy and do not know why there is a decrease in the body's immune system.
How does HIV cause AIDS
The HIV virus that attacks the body can shut down or eliminating the immune cells of the body. A healthy person usually has 800 to 1,200 CD4 + T cells per cubic millimeter of blood. Whereas in people infected with the HIV virus, the immune cell CD4 + T will drop below 200 / mm3. A person will become ill because of infections and cancers derived from AIDS. People infected with the HIV virus often suffer from infections of the lungs, brain, eyes, and other organs. They usually will experience weight loss, diarrhea, cancer, and others.
HIV kills or interfere with the function of immune cells
Most scientists think that HIV causes AIDS by directly kill CD4 + T cells or interfere with its function. This causes a person's immune system function is becoming weaker. HIV destroys immune lymph nodes and other organs that play an important role in causing a decrease in immune cells in AIDS patients.
Coverage of the HIV epidemic
Although HIV was first identified in 1983, previous studies indicate that the virus has entered the United States in the late 1970. In the United States, 1,106,391 cases of HIV and 597 499 deaths were reported in 2008 and 2007. It is estimated that there are 40,000 new HIV infections each year in the United States, with 70% in men and 30% among women. Such infections are estimated to occur 40% of the contact men to men, 30% of the contacts heretoseksual, and 25% of the use of injection drugs.
HIV is a retrovirus
HIV is part of a retrovirus. Retrovirus is an RNA virus and will replicate. They must make a DNA copy of their RNA. The DNA gene can make the virus be replicated. As with all viruses, HIV can replicate only inside the cell, ordered the parts of the cell to produce more. Only HIV and other retroviruses viruses that use enzymes to perform reversal transcription of RNA into DNA.
HIV is a virus that is "slow"
HIV belongs to the lentiviruses or slow viruses. This is because the characteristic of viruses that require a long interval between infection and symptoms of serious happens. Other slow virus infecting animal species instead. eg FIV infects cats and SIV that infects monkeys and other primates. Such as HIV in humans, the virus also infects the animal's immune system is the body that cause immune deficiency and AIDS-like symptoms.
Early HIV infection
Two to four weeks after infection with the virus, about 70% of those infected will experience flu-like symptoms. This happens because their body's immune system attacking the killer cells of the body. Someone will then feel free of symptoms related to HIV although in his body continues replicated the HIV virus. Virus will hide in the chromosomes of infected cells. Antiviral drugs capable of attacking the virus that flourish but they are not effective against viruses hidden.
The HIV virus is a dangerous virus that should be avoided by individuals . The way to avoid that is by adopting a healthy lifestyle and healthy behaviors . Unhealthy behaviors such as free sex and drugs can increase a person's risk of developing the disease AIDS. AIDS transmission by transfusion or injection virgin also need to be aware that people who are healthy do not come infected by the HIV virus . For patients , the treatment from the beginning is the best way to still be able to continue living .
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