Recognize The Symptoms of a Heart Attack

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Understanding heart attack

Heart attacks, known medically as myocardial infarction , is a condition in which the blood supply to the heart is blocked. This is an emergency medical condition that is usually caused by a blood clot or a buildup of fat , cholesterol , and other elements. Impaired blood flow to the heart can damage or destroy the heart muscle and can be fatal .

Here are the symptoms that may appear in patients with heart attacks .

• Hard to breathe.
• Or pain in the chest .
• Feeling weak and dizzy .
• Very agitated or anxious .

To determine if someone is having a heart attack, it will usually appear a combination of several symptoms. This condition does not depend on the severity of chest pain that is felt. Chest pain that is felt not necessarily occur in all people who feel the pain of the heart. Sometimes the pain is mild and mistaken for indigestion usual. Conversely, not all chest pain is a heart attack.

Occurrence Causes Heart Attacks

The main cause of heart attacks is coronary heart disease. Coronary heart disease occurs because of blockage of the main blood vessels that supply blood to the heart (coronary arteries) due to the accumulation of cholesterol plaques.

Plaque that crack will cause blood clots. Finally, inhibit blood clotting blood and oxygen supply to the heart through the coronary arteries. This condition eventually leads to heart attacks. Some factors that may increase the risk of coronary heart disease, among others:

• Smoke.
• Diabetes.
• High cholesterol.
• High blood pressure.
• The habit of eating fatty foods.
• Overweight or obese.

Treatment of Heart Attacks

A heart attack is an emergency medical condition that should be addressed immediately. Immediately to the nearest hospital if you or someone suspected of having a heart attack.

For the first treatment, immediately taking aspirin at a dose of 300 mg normal, but first make sure that the patient is not allergic to aspirin. This medicine can help thin the blood and reduce the risk of further heart attacks.

Treatment is given to patients with heart attacks are drugs to dissolve blood clots and surgical procedures to restore blood flow to the heart. Treatment options will be adjusted to the severity of the condition of patients with heart attacks.

Heart attacks are severe or late treated can cause serious complications and even result in death. Complications can occur immediately after a heart attack. Here are some of the complications that can occur as a result of a heart attack.

• Heart failure. This condition occurs when the heart can not pump blood to the body effectively. Heart failure occurs because the heart muscle has been permanently damaged as a result of cardiac arrest.
• Arrhythmias. Condition when the heart rate becomes abnormal. Heart beat even louder until it stops beating and cardiac arrest or cardiac arrest.
• Cardiogenic shock. Condition when the heart muscle is damaged and can no longer supply the blood to the body well. This causes the body functions do not work well.
• Cardiac rupture / crack. Condition when muscle, a wall, or a heart valve has been cracked.
• Patients with heart attack complicated by often died before they reached the hospital.

Recovery and Opportunities

A person can recover from a heart attack depends on the degree of heart muscle damage that occurs. Nothing takes several months and others take only a few weeks. The purpose of the recovery process were conducted:

Reducing the risk of recurrence of heart attacks. This can be done with lifestyle changes that do the patients themselves. Including changes in diet and consumption of drugs.

Restore physical fitness. It is intended that you could re-do activities to suit your needs.

About 33 percent of people who experience a heart attack will die. Death often occurs before patients reach hospital, or within one month after the patient has suffered a heart attack. If the patient has managed to survive a month later, they most likely to survive are very nice.

The life chances of someone who has had a heart attack depends on several things. The first is the age of the patient. If the age of the person who had a heart attack get older, the likelihood of complications increases.

Second, the severity of heart attacks also affect the person's life chances. The main thing is how much damage the heart muscle that occurs. While the third, the time it takes someone to get help when he suffered a heart attack. The longer the treatment of heart attack, the chances of his life will dwindle.

heart attack symptoms

A heart attack is an emergency medical condition that should be addressed immediately. Immediately go to the nearest hospital if you or someone suspected of having a heart attack. Heart attack symptoms that can occur are:

• Hard to breathe.
• Or pain in the chest. Chest feels depressed, narrow, and scrunched in the middle. The pain is usually very severe, but there are some people who simply feel a mild illness. Sometimes in women, the elderly, and people with diabetes do not feel any pain at all.
• Pain in other body parts. Start of arms, especially the left, jaw, neck, back, and abdomen.
• Feeling nauseous, occurs indigestion, and abdominal pain.
• Feeling weak and dizzy.
• Agitated or anxious.
• Cough.
• Sweating.

All of the symptoms mentioned above are not necessarily experienced by all patients with heart attacks. There are even some people who have no symptoms at all and others are directly experiencing cardiac arrest. But the more symptoms that you have, chances are you'll have a heart attack increases.

Usually before the heart attack will show some signs and symptoms, although a heart attack can also appear suddenly. The initial symptoms are usually chest pain or angina. This condition is triggered by fatigue while working and subsides with rest. Angina itself occurs because the blood supply to the heart is reduced.

Angina symptoms similar to a heart attack, but it will disappear after a while. Recognize the differences attacks of angina and heart attacks.

Angina usually can be controlled by taking medicine. Your doctor will prescribe drugs to be consumed when symptoms increase. If the condition does not improve after the first dose is given, taking the second dose five minutes later. If necessary, take a third dose five minutes after the second dose. But if after the third dose still can not relieve symptoms, immediately to the nearest hospital.

If you find yourself or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of a heart attack, you should immediately to the nearest hospital to seek medical help. If it is not a heart attack, it is better to make sure your medical condition rather than late accept help.

Other symptoms are Resultant Heart Attack

Cardiac arrest can occur due to complications from a heart attack . Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart is experiencing spasms that eventually resulted stopped. Some of the symptoms in patients with cardiac arrest patient is not moving , not breathing , and did not react when invited to communicate or react to touch .

In the event of cardiac arrest in a patient , first aid that can be done is to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( CPR ) or cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( CPR ) .

How to perform CPR is to put the heel of your hand on the sternum right in the middle of the chest . Place the other hand on it and hook the fingers of both hands . Use body weight to compress the chest deep as 5-6 cm . Repeat this technique until the ambulance arrived at the scene .

Cause of hearth attack

A heart attack occurs because the blood supply to the heart is interrupted. The heart needs a constant supply of oxygenated blood, as well as other organs and tissues in the body. If the heart is not getting enough blood supply, the heart muscle will be damaged and may eventually die.

The heart muscle may be damaged which can not be recovered if not treated promptly. Heart would stop beating if damage occurs to most of the heart, is known as cardiac arrest. In the end, this condition will lead to death.

The main condition that often leads to heart attack is coronary heart disease. It is a condition in which the coronary artery is clogged by the buildup of cholesterol (plaque). Established after some time, the plaque will have cracks. As a result, blood clots occur in the plaque cracked. The flow of blood supply to the coronary vessels passing through the heart of this will be blocked by clots, and ultimately lead to a heart attack.

In addition to coronary heart disease, here are other causes for heart attack:

• Abuse of drugs. Nerve stimulant drugs such as cocaine, amphetamine (shabu) and methamphetamine (ecstasy) can cause narrowing of the coronary arteries, impeding blood supply, and trigger a heart attack. Heart attacks that occur in cocaine users is a major cause of death at a young age.
• Aneurysms. It is a condition when there is a weakness in the blood vessel wall. A weakened blood vessel wall will not ultimately be able to withstand the pressure of the blood flowing through it. As a result, the blood vessels will have cracks. If the aneurysm occurs in the coronary arteries, the blood flow stops and a heart attack occurs.
• Hypoxia or lack of oxygen in the blood. Oxygen levels in the blood may decline due to carbon monoxide poisoning or lung function were damaged. As a result, the blood drained body that does not contain oxygen and ultimately trigger a heart attack.

 Risk factors

There are several risk factors that contribute in causing fat accumulation and eventually narrow the blood vessels. Some of the factors mentioned below can be handled or removed to avoid the occurrence of heart attacks.

• Age and sex. May increase a person's age, the chances of suffering from coronary heart disease also increases. Men are more likely of developing coronary heart disease than women.
• Smoke. Carbon monoxide and nicotine in cigarettes could increase pressure on the heart by making the heart work faster. Smoking can also cause blood clots. Chemicals in cigarettes can damage the lining of the coronary arteries. People who smoke are 24 percent higher risk for heart disease.
• Liquor. Consuming alcohol in excess can lead to hypertension and increased cholesterol levels. As a result, the risk of coronary heart disease also increases. People who like to consume alcohol tend to live a lifestyle that is worse, such as smoking, eating fatty foods and lack of exercise.
• Food. Foods that contain lots of saturated fat increases cholesterol levels in the blood. In addition, the risk of coronary heart disease and heart attacks will also increase. To lower your cholesterol, you can change your diet and taking statin drugs.
• Diabetes. In type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, uncontrolled blood glucose levels are high damage the walls of the coronary arteries. Diabetics are more susceptible to coronary heart disease.
• Hypertension or high blood pressure. Coronary arteries will become weak if left untreated hypertension.
• Obesity or being overweight. This condition does not directly increase the risk of coronary heart disease or heart attack. But this condition can be a trigger for other risk factors. People with weight are more likely to have hypertension, eating fatty foods, and the risk of developing diabetes.
• Sport. Lack of exercise can lead to obesity and hypertension .
• Family health history . If there are any close family members , especially parents and siblings who have a history of heart disease , your risk will experience two- fold higher 
• Air pollution. Based on the research , exposure to air pollution , especially the fumes, can increase the risk of coronary heart disease .
• Have a problem with autoimmune diseases . Diseases such as arthritis , lupus , and other autoimmune diseases can increase the risk of having a heart attack .
• A history of pre-eclampsia during pregnancy . Women who develop preeclampsia or high blood pressure during pregnancy are more at risk of having a heart attack .

Diagnosis of hearth attack

If a heart attack or you suspect a heart attack, to anyone, immediately to the nearest hospital. Your doctor can confirm the diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible.

ECG or electrocardiography. This tool serves to measure the heart's electrical activity. Heart beats emit electrical signals when the signal is recorded by the ECG machine. The doctor will examine the results to see the machine records heart function. Besides ensuring the diagnosis of heart attack, this procedure can also determine the type of heart attack suffered.

Blood tests. When the heart is damaged or injured tissue, there is some heart enzymes that leak into the bloodstream. The blood sample will be taken to see if there are these enzymes in your blood. This test can also help determine how the response to treatment is done.

X-ray of the chest cavity. When the diagnosis of heart attack can not be ascertained and there are other possible causes of symptoms appearing, X-ray of the chest may help clarify it. X-rays can also be checked in case of complications from a heart attack, such as a buildup of fluid in the lungs or pulmonary edema.

Echocardiogram. This is the type of ultrasound scanning procedure to determine the location of damage to the heart and its effect on heart function.

Coronary angiography or cardiac catheterization. This technique is useful for determining whether there is a blockage or narrowing of coronary arteries. This procedure can also determine where the location of the blockage and narrowing occurs. Coronary angiography is usually performed before surgery because the results can be used as a reference for the surgeon.

Cardio CT scan or MRI. Both of these tests can be done to diagnose heart problems. In addition, this test could see the damage caused by heart attacks.

Treatment of heart attack

After experiencing a heart attack, at every minute of the more heart tissue loses oxygen and eventually rot or die. Measures to prevent the continuation of this heart damage is to restore blood flow as quickly as possible.

Drugs are Used

The following are the drugs that will be given to treat heart attacks.

• Aspirin. These drugs are useful for reducing blood clotting. In effect, the flow of the blood flow through vessels that have narrowed.
• Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors). These drugs function widens the blood vessels and lower blood pressure, thereby reducing the burden of heart.
• Thrombolytics. This drug helps dissolve blood clots that block blood flow to the heart. The sooner patients receive these drugs after a heart attack, the chances of survival will increase, and less heart tissue damage.
• Antiplatelet drugs. This drug prevents blood clots from forming and keep clots that have occurred are not getting bigger.
• Nitroglycerin. This drug works to increase blood flow to the heart by dilating blood vessels.
• Blood thinners such as heparin are also usually given to prevent blood clots from happening again.
• Beta blocker medication (beta blockers). These drugs slow the heart rate function and protect the heart of adrenalin and noradrenalin in the body. These drugs are usually given when the heart can not pump blood around the body properly.
• Painkillers (morphine). These drugs may be given to relieve pain, anxiety, or discomfort felt by the patient.

Operation and Handling Procedure Heart Attack

Here is a surgical procedure that may be necessary to follow a heart attack has occurred.

• Coronary angioplasty. Catheter or a small pipe with a balloon on the end is inserted into a large blood vessel in the groin or arm. The balloon will be redirected to the narrowed vessel. After being in the vessel, the balloon is inflated to open blood vessels and destroy plaque.
• Heart bypass surgery or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). This operation is performed when there are many blockages of coronary arteries. The blood flow to the heart will be creating a new path. CABG involves taking a blood vessel from another part of the body, usually taken from the chest or leg, to be used as a new branch.
• Heart transplant. This is the replacement procedure cardiac patients who have died with the donor heart is still healthy. Donors come from people who have died and approval from the family of late to donate their organs.

Recovery After Experiencing Heart Attack

If you survive after a heart attack, the recovery period is needed could take months. This recovery should be carried out slowly.

The main purpose of this recovery is to restore physical fitness to be able to resume daily activities (cardiac rehabilitation) and reduce the risk of a repeat heart attack.

Heart attack patients will be advised to do light activity or rest after returning from the hospital. Activities such as walking short distances and up and down the stairs several times to do. Gradually, increase physical activity for a few weeks. Restoration to the initial conditions depends on the patient's health in general and also the condition of the heart.

To determine the cardiac rehabilitation program, you can find out and inquire directly to the hospital in your area. The program is usually done one to two months after discharge from the hospital.

Cardiac rehabilitation program is usually accompanied by some kind of sport depends on the choices made and performed one or two times a week. Often associated with aerobic exercise. The aim of this exercise strengthens the heart, lowers blood pressure and improves blood circulation in the body.

Here are things to consider when recovering from a heart attack

• Sexual activity. This activity can usually be done one to two months after suffering a heart attack. This activity does not increase the risk of repetition of a heart attack, but some drugs heart attacks and anxiety level of a person's emotions can affect sexual performance. Ask your doctor if you experience it and some medications can be prescribed to cope.
• Depression. Anxiety, fear, and trauma are reasonable things felt after having a heart attack. As a result, feelings of depression and continue to grieve may haunt the patient for several weeks after discharge from hospital. Immediately ask your doctor how to handle it, a person's emotional state was also influential in the recovery process.
• Back to work. This type of work and health conditions are very influential to determine whether and when you can return to work after having a heart attack. Ask and tell the doctor about your type of work and the overall medical condition before you decide to return to work.
• Driving a motor vehicle or machinery. Before driving or operating machinery, it is advisable to rest for a month after suffering a heart attack.

complications of heart attack

A heart attack can cause complications ranging from mild to which can cause death. Mild heart attack would not cause complications, though this condition is also dangerous. Here are some of the complications that may occur in patients with heart attacks.

Heart failure

This condition occurs when the heart can not pump blood throughout the body. Heart failure occurs when the heart muscle damaged by a heart attack. This condition usually override heart or the left side of the left ventricle. The symptoms that arise, such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling of the arms and legs. Medications may be given to address or if required would be operating.

Arrhythmias

That is a condition when the heart rate is abnormal as a result of damage to the heart muscle. Muscle damage is disturbing the electrical signals flowing when the heart beats.

Here are some symptoms of arrhythmia that often occur :

• Or pain in the chest .
• Palpitations or pounding sensation in the heart of the heart or throat .
• Feel the dizziness and lightheadedness .
• Feeling out of breath and fatigue .

To deal with mild arrhythmia , drugs such as beta blockers or beta blockers could be given to the patient . For more severe cases , pacemakers will be installed with the operation .

Cardiogenic shock

Condition when the heart muscle is damaged and can no longer supply the blood to the body well. This causes the body functions do not work well. This condition is similar to heart failure, but more dangerous. Symptoms that usually arise when cardiogenic shock include:

• Mental confusion.
• The amount of urine is passed decreases or even non-existent because the kidneys stop functioning.
• Pale skin.
• Heart rate and rapid breathing.
• Hands and feet feel cold.

Blood-thinning drugs can be used to aspire these conditions so that the blood becomes more easily pumped. After the initial symptoms appear finished dealt with, there is the possibility of surgery in order to improve cardiac function is already impaired. Ask your doctor about a surgical procedure that can be done, and their risks and benefits.

Cardiac Rupture / Rupture

Condition when muscle, a wall, or a heart valve split. This could happen if the damage to the heart muscle is quite severe. Cardiac rupture occurs in about one to five days after a heart attack occurs. Cardiac rupture is a fairly common complication of heart attacks with symptoms similar to cardiogenic shock.

To handle this condition, surgery is needed to repair heart tissue opening or damaged heart muscle. Chances are, someone survive after suffering a cardiac rupture is not good. About 50 percent of people who have this condition will die within five days after cardiac rupture visible.

Prevention of Heart Attack

A heart attack can be prevented by making lifestyle changes and treating existing health conditions such as diabetes and hypertension. Ways of preventing heart attacks also reduce the risk of stroke. There are many forms of changes in lifestyle that everyone can do.

Choosing healthy foods can be considered the best way. Eating foods high in fat can aggravate or increase the risk of heart attack. Dietary fat will form plaques in the arteries thereby blocking blood flow. To better understand it, read more about high cholesterol.

Immediately stop the habit of smoking. Smoking is one of the factors that may increase the risk of heart attack and increase blood pressure. In addition, smoking also causes atherosclerosis, or the buildup of fat in the blood vessels.

Strives to maintain blood pressure is the next appropriate step. Hypertension or high blood pressure will place a heavy burden on the heart and blood vessels. This increases the risk of heart attack. Hypertension can be reduced by living a healthy diet, limiting alcohol consumption and salt, maintaining ideal body weight, regular exercise and consumption of anti-hypertensive drugs. To know more about how to handle it, read more about the prevention of hypertension.

The latter is to avoid taking birth control pills if you have ever had a heart attack. These drugs can increase the risk of blood clots.

See also :  what-is-stroke-how-to-prevention-and its cure

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